THURSDAY
IS THE LORD’S DAY TOO!
Cecil Hook
Although
the first day of the week became a special day for assemblies in the
early churches, it was not in response to a command or a binding
example. Our inclination toward legalism has led us to try to bind it
as a special day to be given to God. We have demanded certain
activities on that day and limited their practice to it. This
conviction is based upon supposed inferences.
In
pre-Christian times in the Roman Empire, kuriakos, (the
lord’s) signified imperial or belonging to the lord,
the emperor. As the empire became Christian, it is not surprising
that they would modify belonging to the lord to relate to
Christ as a part of their protest against Caesar-worship.
As time
went by, many of the rules of the Sabbath were transferred to the
first day of the week, but this was rejected in the Reformation by
Luther and Calvin. Calvin even proposed to adopt Thursday in the
place of Sunday. (See International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Vol.
3, p. 1919-20)
May we
rightly consider Thursday as the Lord’s day? Yes, Thursday is
the Lord’s day!
At the
end of the persecutions in 325 A.D., because the first day of the
week was so special to the Christians, Constantine, the Emperor, made
it a holiday (holy day) throughout the empire. That accommodation has
greatly influenced the Western world and has been a blessing to the
disciples through succeeding centuries. The wide acceptance of that
holiday has given it a respected authenticity. As with other accepted
practices, efforts to authenticate it by the Scriptures came after
the fact through scholasticism. The term “Lord’s day”
is used only once in the Scriptures (Rev. 1:10), and in that instance
it was not referring to the first day of the week but to an epoch.
There are
two questions that we must ask and answer. First, do the Scriptures
demand that the first day of the week be a sanctified day for
disciples? Second, was the first day referred to in the Scriptures as
the Lord’s day?
The
first day of the week is mentioned in inspired church history only
twice. That point should arouse enough suspicion about its sanctity
to cause us to reexamine the matter. When Paul made his way to Troas,
the disciples had a gathering and a meal with their honored guest
(Acts 20). There is nothing to indicate that this was more than a
special meeting or that it was, or became, a regular practice. It is
recorded that they met to break bread. “To break bread”
is translated from a Hebrew idiom which means “to partake of
food” as in the eating of a meal. There is nothing that would
indicate that this meal was the communion. An uncertain premise
destroys the validity of any conclusion based upon it.
The other
mention, 1 Cor. 16:1f., does not relate either to a ritual or to an
assembling of disciples on that day.
Since no
law concerning a certain day is given in the New Testament
Scriptures, it is only by specious logic that men try to make an
ordinance of it. Such is an effort to define laws so that we may be
justified by keeping them.
Not only
were the apostles silent about obliging us to keep certain days, they
actually warned us about observing days. “You observe days, and
months, and seasons, and years! I am afraid I have labored over you
in vain” (Gal. 4:10). Read the entire context of “Therefore
let no one pass judgment on you in questions of food and drink or
with regard to a festival ora new moon ora Sabbath” (Col.
2:16). Paul did not add, “Except for the Lord’s day which
is the first day of the week.”
True
apostolic teaching puts keeping of days and the eating of foods in
the realm of indifference along with circumcision. Paul permits the
weak brother to respect days but not to bind his scruple on others or
condemn those who do not hold his conviction. He writes:
“One
man esteems one day as better than another, while another man esteems
all days alike. Let every one be fully convinced in his own mind. He
who observes the day, observes it in honor of the Lord. He also who
eats, eats in honor of the Lord, since he gives thanks to God; while
he who abstains, abstains in honor of the Lord and gives thanks to
God. None of us lives to himself, and none of us dies to himself. If
we live, we live to the Lord, and if we die, we die to the Lord; so
then, whether we live or whether we die, we are the Lord’s”
(Rom. 14:5f).
Paul does
not permit either side of the day-keeping controversy to pass
judgment on the other. It is the whole person, not certain days or
hours, who is sanctified. Every day is raised to the highest plane
making us no closer to God or more priestly at one time than another.
If the
Lord’s day is a specific day, then we would have to say it is
the Sabbath because of Jesus’ own claim, for he himself
declared, “For the Son of man is lord of the Sabbath (Mt.
12:8).
There are
numerous instances in the Bible where “the day of the Lord”
is used to denote, not a specific day of the week, but his coming in
judgment, wrath, vengeance, or retribution to offenders or in
deliverance for his people. This term is translated into the
possessive form in only one place in apostolic writings, making it
“the Lord’s day” (Rev. 1:10) rather than “the
day of the Lord.” They mean the same thing.
In the
spirit, John the apostle was transported in vision into the future to
see the things that would transpire in the epoch of “the Lord’s
day” or “the day of the Lord.” This was not a day
of the week, but it was the manifestation of the Lord against the
Jewish nation who had rejected him, and it was the time of his
vindication of his saints. This judgment was about to transpire—“what
must soon take place”—indicating that Revelation was
written before 70 A.D. John was seeing in vision what is referred to
as “the Day drawing near” (Heb. 10:25).
If you
have a problem with what I am saying, let me ask you a few questions.
Is Sunday holy? Is one day spiritual and another secular? Are some
obligations bound on one day but loosed on the next? Are some actions
holy if performed on a certain day but profane if done on another?
Stephan
Bilak, one of our missionaries in Eastern Europe, recently gave me a
wallet calendar from the Ukraine. They number their days downward
instead of across and have the seventh day in red instead of the
first day. In the Ukraine would we sin in keeping the seventh day
instead of the first day?
Our real
problem is in binding the Lord’s Supper to the first day of the
week and limiting it to that day. Is the Supper sanctified or is the
day? Our limiting it to Sunday only is without command, precedent, or
inference. There is no clear example in Scripture of the Supper being
observed on the first day of the week. In Acts 20:7 they met to break
bread, but there is no certainty that it was the Supper rather than a
common meal. Since it was, according to Roman time, after midnight
when the bread was broken, it was done on Monday instead of Sunday.
Moreover, in an indisputable example Jesus initiated the Supper on a
Thursday.
In a
sense all days (all time) are holy because our whole lives are
dedicated to God. That sanctification is not segmented into days or
time spans. It is not time that is sanctified, but the person who can
say, “I have been crucified with Christ; it is no longer I who
live, but Christ who lives in me” (Gal. 2:20).
Anything
that is holy can be profaned. Being holy, the Jewish Sabbath could be
profaned by labor on that day. Can Sunday be violated by labor or
travel? Since it is people who are holy and not days, how can their
sanctity be violated? It is by sin, a breach of their holiness. But
sin is not related to any time span. When we sin, we violate our
holiness rather than that of a day. If missing a Sunday assembly is a
sin, it is a lacking of sanctification rather than the profaning of a
holy day.
Please
understand that I am not disparaging the need for assembling with
disciples, nor am I discouraging communion on Sunday. We all need the
support we gain from sharing with those of like faith. I am saying,
however, that what is done on Sunday is no more effective than if it
were done on Thursday or any other day.
Man was
not made for the Sabbath: so Jesus did not bind the keeping of that
day at all costs as a legal obligation. The Sabbath was made for man,
for God set apart a day to fill the need of man, not to work against
his best interest by its inflexibility. In similar manner, assemblies
are designed to meet the needs of disciples, but the day and hour of
such gatherings is not specified as a law.
Again,
the recognition of Sunday as a secular holiday in our society is a
wonderful blessing. It makes it more convenient for us to assemble,
and it gives social recognition to Christianity that the earliest
disciples did not enjoy. To us who were brought up going to
assemblies each Sunday the day seems to have a special hallowed
nature. But while Sunday is the Lord’s day, it is neither a
holy day nor The Lord’s Day.
Looking
back to Calvin’s proposal—Is Thursday the Lord’s
Day? Yes! But so is Friday, Saturday, and all other days. Thursday,
like Sunday, is the Lord’s day but not The Lord’s
Day.—1350 Huisache. New Braunfels. Tx. 78130
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Religion can satisfy neither man nor God unless it satisfies the intelligence. Intelligence, motivated by its conclusion of faith, leads one to hunger and thirst for right emotionally. The desire to do what is right is a fundamental virtue without which one cannot be acceptable to God.—Cecil Hook in Free as Sons