WHAT IS “THE BROTHERHOOD”?

Love the brotherhood. 1 Pet. 2:17

It is one of the most attractive imperatives in the New Testament, and when one considers the circumstance in which it was given it takes on enormous significance. First, the charge to love the brotherhood comes from the heart and mind of a seasoned apostle who, according to tradition, was soon to die as a martyr in Rome. And it was from that dreadful pagan city that the apostle Peter writes, which he calls “Babylon” (1 Pet. 5:13). Peter was not unlike his Lord in this respect, for while Jesus prayed for the unity of all believers as he turned his face toward the Cross, Peter urges love for the brotherhood as he faced martyrdom.

The imperative to love the brotherhood also takes on deeper meaning when one realizes that it was written to “the pilgrims of the Dispersion” who were undergoing a time of trial. The apostle refers to those who “speak against you as evil doers” and he urges the believers to live such an exemplary life before such ones that “they may by your good works which they observe glorify God in the day of visitation” (2:12). Moreover, he urges them to have a good conscience before God so that when those who “defame you as evil doers” will see their good works and be ashamed. So, it was in an atmosphere of calumny, defamation, and persecution that the believers were urged to love the brotherhood, along with fearing God and honoring the king, which appear in the same context.

If Peter’s letter does nothing else, it should set us straight as to who our enemies are, who are identified in the letter as those who reproach the name of Christ (4:14). We have been too eager to do battle with each other, as if the enemy were our brethren. Or we put on the whole armor of God and go after “the denominations” as if they were the enemy. The enemy is rather identified in Scripture as “those who blaspheme the honorable name by which you are called” (Jas. 2:17) and “the rulers of the darkness of this age” (Eph. 6:12). The latter passage says plainly that our struggle is not against “flesh and blood” — not people as such — “but against the principalities and powers.”

So 1 Peter urges believers to love one another with a love that hides a multitude of sins (4:17). They were even to kiss one another with “a kiss of love” (5:14). And how elegant are the apostle’s words in 1:22: “love one another fervently with a pure heart.” It is clear enough that whatever else may be concluded about “brotherhood” Peter viewed it in terms of love.

And what does the apostle mean by the term, which appears only in 1 Peter in the New Testament? It clearly has to do with brothers and of course sisters, and not institutions, systems, or organizations. Brotherhood is people, but a certain kind of people. The figures Peter applies to these people in this letter help to identify them, some of which are pilgrims, sojourners, elect, obedient children, redeemed, purified, born again, newborn babes, living stones, the people of God, God’s sheep, saints, Christians, house of God, stewards of the grace of God. Anyone of these and all of these is what the apostle means by brotherhood.

The Greek work is defined as “a band of brothers” or simply Christians, all the brothers and sisters in Christ. While the apostle does not use the term ecclesia in this letter, that is what brotherhood refers to — the church, all those in every place who are in Christ Jesus.

Now that we’ve seen what an apostle of Christ meant by brotherhood, what do we mean when we use the term? There is hardly any term in the New Testament that is given such a sectarian twist as brotherhood. We have “brotherhood schools,” “brotherhood papers,” and “brotherhood agencies.” We commonly hear the likes of “He’s one of the best preachers in the brotherhood” and “He decided to work with our brotherhood.”

Clearly, when we refer to “our brotherhood” we are not talking about what the apostle Peter had in mind, but to those churches who have fellowship in the North American Christian Convention. Or “the brotherhood” refers to those Churches of Christ associated with Pepperdine, Lipscomb, and Abilene Christian. It is plain sin for us to take a biblical term that underscores the unity of believers — “the children of God” everywhere — and prostitute it for the sake of but a small fraction of God’s people. If “love the brotherhood” means that we show a special affection only for our own group, we are violating the teaching of Christ which calls for a love for all God’s people.

The truth is that “brotherhood” has been so prostituted among us that it has come to be no more than a euphemism for denomination. It is both more factual and more honest to refer to “our denomination,” but we dare not do that lest we be guilty of admitting what is obvious. I admire the brother who can say, “As a member of the Church of Christ denomination I love the brotherhood.” In the first part he would be truthful and in the second part he would be scriptural, and that’s not bad.

It is imperative that we get our thinking straight on this matter, for so long as we equate “the church” or “the brotherhood” to our own crowd we will never rise above the mentality of a narrow little sect. But how beautiful and how liberating it is once we see the majesty of the one, holy, apostolic, and catholic church, made up of all those who are in Christ Jesus! Such a view is not unlike what John saw in Rev. 7:9: “I looked, and behold, a great multitude which no one could number, of all nations, tribes, peoples, and tongues,’ standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, with palm branches in their hands.” John saw the brotherhood in heaven, the church universal. That is what we are to love, and that includes both us and them!

I’ve met with believers in the back alleys of Hong Kong, at an army retreat center in Seoul, in a bamboo hut in the mountains of Thailand, in a public hall in Tokyo, as well as elegant and not-so-elegant church edifice!, around the world, and they are all part of the brotherhood of believers in Christ. Wherever the Spirit of God dwells in the hearts of men and women there is the Body of Christ, and that is the brotherhood.

If we prostitute brotherhood to mean more than those who are truly Christians, then we have some kind of humanistic fraternity; if we prostitute it to make it mean less than all true disciples of Christ, then we have a sect. And it is much worse to be a sect than to be a denomination. We can avoid being sectarian, while it may be well nigh impossible not to be a denomination. To be a sect is to presume to be the whole of the Body of Christ when we are but a part. To be a denomination is to admit to separateness in name, organization, etc., but to claim to be a part of the larger brotherhood of Christians. If we hope someday to transcend denominationalism, we must first overcome our sectarianism, the “us only” mentality.

The figures the apostle Peter uses in his letter makes it clear that he sees the brotherhood in terms of unity in diversity. As stewards he sees God’s children as having diverse gifts (4:10), and as living stones (2:5) we are different as we make up God’s spiritual house. We can join Peter in thanking God that he did not make us bricks, shaped and formed exactly alike. — the Editor