Jesus
Today . . .
JESUS IS
OUR SABBATH REST
There
remains therefore a Sabbath rest for the people of God.—Heb.
4:9
One
helpful rule of Biblical interpretation is when you come to a
therefore, stop and ask what it is there for. The therefore
in the above passage goes back to Heb. 3:16 and the verses
following, where the writer refers to the promise of rest given to
those who had been slaves in Egypt. Through their disobedience they
forfeited the promise and came under God’s judgment: “They
will never enter the land where I had given them rest” (verse
18). He goes on to say that they did not enter into Canaan “because
they did not believe.”
Then he
says in Heb. 4:1 that the promise has been offered to Christians and
urges: “Let us take care, then, that none of you will be found
to have failed to receive that promised rest.” In the next
verse he states again that while the Israelites heard the message
“they did not accept it with faith,” and in verse 3 he
says it is the true believers today that will receive the promised
rest. It is as if he could not say enough about the peril of
disbelief, for in verse 6 he says it still again: “Those who
first heard the Good News did not receive that rest, because they did
not believe. There are others, then, who are allowed to receive it.”
Then
comes the line with the therefore in verse 9: “There
remains therefore a Sabbath rest for the people of God.” This
is to say that even if those that fell in the wilderness because of
their disobedience did not enter the promised land of rest, there is
nonetheless the promise that God will make good. There is a rest
that remains.
The
writer is referring primarily to heaven, as the following verses
indicate. Verse 10 says that the believer that enters into that rest
(a heavenly rest) “will rest from his own work, just as God
rested from his,” while verse 11 urges us to “be diligent
to enter that rest,” lest we follow the example of the fallen
Israelites and fail the promise.
But
the believer has a Sabbath rest now, and he does not wait
until death to enter into it. It is like eternal life, which we have
both now and in the world to come, for eternal life is a quality of
life, life in the Spirit. We likewise have rest now, a fellowship
with God through Jesus Christ, as well as in the next world. In a
very real sense Jesus is our Sabbath rest. That glorious
promise that “There remains a Sabbath rest for the people of
God” applies, therefore, to the now as well as to God’s
tomorrow. In Jesus Christ we can enjoy the Sabbath rest that God has
promised.
The
only thing that can deny us of a Sabbath rest in Jesus is that which
denied the Israelites of their promise of rest, disbelief Their
problem is our problem, for we are slow of heart to believe, really
believe, the promises that Christ has given. Such as Eph. 3:20:
“To him who by means of his power working in us is able to do
so much more than we can ever ask for or even think of.” When
that “rest” is ours, a power will be at work within us
that can and will do more than we can even imagine! Ah, but to
believe it.
Rest
is what we all long for but few of us ever experience. Even
religion is sometimes a hindrance. It was to religious people,
battered by the legalisms of the Pharisees, that Jesus spoke of his
rest: “Come to me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I
will give you rest” (Matt. 11:29). Religion is often terribly
frustrating to sincere people in that it makes impossible demands, or
it assumes to make people righteous by making them “Good.”
The rest that Jesus offers is a life surrendered to God’s
grace. It is the peace that the world cannot give because it knows no
such peace. It is the assurance that all is well with our soul, not
because of what we have done but because of what He has done for us.
There is
that blessed rest that awaits us, as indicated in Rev. 14:13: “And
I heard a voice from heaven, saying, ‘Write, Blessed are the
dead who die in the Lord from now on!’ ‘Yes,’ says
the Spirit, ‘that they may rest from their labors, for their
deeds follow with them.’‘’ But that promise begins
in this world, for His rest frees us from the anxieties of a religion
that makes us fearful rather than fearless, fretful rather than
fulfilled.
That the
rest is for us now is indicated in 2 Thess. 1:6-7, where we have two
assurances: God will bring suffering upon those who make us suffer,
and he will give rest to those of us who suffer. That rest is to be
at home with Jesus; it is communion with the Holy Spirit.
To think
of Jesus as our Sabbath rest is to recall what the Sabbath meant in
the economy of God. The God of heaven made it the “sign”
of the covenant between him and Israel, and Ezek. 20:12 shows that
the Sabbath reminded the people of their holy calling. When Moses
first spoke of the Sabbath, well before it was made part of the Ten
Commandments, he introduced it with: “This is what the Lord has
commanded: ‘Tomorrow is a day of solemn rest, a holy sabbath to
the Lord’” (Ex. 16:23). To violate it meant
extirpation, as Ex. 31:15 indicates: “Whoever does any work on
the sabbath day shall be put to death.” It was the one
commandment that God himself had observed, for on the seventh day he
rested from all his work.
The
Sabbath was more significant than even circumcision, for circumcision
was imposed on a child because of his descent, while the keeping of
the Sabbath, often in the face of persecution or the temptations of
worldly interests, was evidence of a strong religious faith. At the
outbreak of the Maccabean revolt the Jewish army would not so much as
defend itself on the Sabbath, though it was eventually compelled to
reverse this practice. The faithful Jews did not barter on that day,
a day devoted to instruction and edification, and one closely linked
to the three great feasts of the Jews — Passover, Pentecost,
and Tabernacles. The Sabbath was at the heart of these feasts.
As we
think of Jesus as our Sabbath rest, there are some interesting
parallels with the Sabbath of the Jews.
1.
Both were ordained of God as a sign between Him and His people. Matt.
1:22f interprets a prophecy in Isaiah as pointing to Jesus as the
“sign” that God is with us.
2. Each
is unique to religion. While other nations had circumcision, feasts,
and ritual similar to Israel, the Sabbath was unique. Jesus is also
unique, for there is nothing like him in all the religions of the
world.
3.
Both are eternal covenants. The Jewish Sabbath has perpetual
significance (Ex. 31:16), and Jesus is the mediator of the new
covenant that has cosmic implications.
4.
The heavenly Father is personally involved in both. God calls the
Jewish Sabbath my Sabbath, and He was the first to observe it.
He was in Christ, reconciling the world to Himself (2 Cor.
5:19).
5. Each
is bosomed in the rest of God. God gave the Jews the Sabbath because
he loved them and wanted them to have a day of rest. He gives us
Jesus so that we might know the depths of the rest of God.
6. Each
is often hidden by man’s proclivity to be rebellious and
legalistic. Complaining of the behavior of the priests, Ezek. 22:26
says “they have hid their eyes from my sabbaths.” Jesus
passed a similar judgment: “For judgment I came into the world,
that those who do not see may see, and that those who see may become
blind” (Jn. 9:38).
While
the Sabbath was given out of God’s tender loving care that his
people might have rest, it was institutionalized and legalized into a
boring and burdensome experience. At my side is one of the most
interesting books in my library, The Mishnah, which is a
collection of the rabbinical interpretations of the law of Moses.
There are almost 800 pages of minutiae, elaborate details that deal
with how the various laws were to be observed, according to the
rabbis. One-fourth of the book deals with uncleanness. For example, a
stove was rendered unclean if a drop of milk from a woman’s
breast (who was unclean) fell on it. In fact the stove was rendered
unclean if the woman merely burnt herself while cooking and put her
finger in her mouth! It then took all sorts of ritual to “purify”
the stove.
It was
this sort of thing that Jesus was referring to when he said, “They
bind heavy burdens, hard to bear, and lay them on men’s
shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with their finger”
(Matt. 23:4).
This
book reveals how the rabbis sought to anticipate every possible
contingency in Sabbath keeping. Some of the rules they came up with
strike us as amusing, but it was serious business with them. Would
tying a knot on the Sabbath be work? Not if one can tie the knot with
one hand! Suppose one needs to spit on the Sabbath? He may do
so if he spits on a smooth surface, but not on a rough surface since
this would cause nature to work in absorbing the spittal. Even if a
man plucked a hair from his head or his beard on the Sabbath he would
be culpable.
It was
this kind of legalistic logic that infuriated Jesus: “Woe to
you, blind guides, who say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it
is nothing; but if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is
bound by his oath’” (Matt. 23:16). He went on to charge
them with majoring in minors while neglecting the weightier matters
of the law, justice, mercy, and faith.
Legalism
and rebellion will also turn our Sabbath rest in Jesus into a
religion of fear and oppression. If the Jews lost the beauty of their
Sabbath rest in superficial, legalistic details, we can lose our
Sabbath rest in Jesus in the emptiness and superficialities of our
own isms, which have little or nothing to do with “the meekness
and gentleness of Christ.” I will give you rest! is his
promise to us, which we do not find in programs, budgets, projects,
or even in being busy, busy, busy in religion. We can even
have a head filled with Scripture and yet a heart empty of the peace
that Christ gives.
To his
own followers Jesus could say, “You do not know how miserable
and pitiful you are! You are poor, naked, and blind” (Rev.
3:17). And these were “faithful” Christians who presumed
to be rich and in need of nothing! Their problem was that they had
religion without rest. Note how the Lord advised hem: “Buy gold
from me, pure gold, in order to be rich.” Jesus is asking to be
their Sabbath rest.
He says
that he stands at the door, knocking, asking for entrance into our
hearts. If any of us will open the door, “I will come into his
house and eat with him” (Rev. 3:20). This is the rest and peace
that too few of us know.
There
have been those all along who have given the Sabbath its proper place
in their hearts rather than losing it in rules and regulations.
Psalms 92 was composed in praise of the Sabbath and its meaning. The
poet cries out, “How good it is to proclaim your constant love
every morning and your faithfulness every night.” This is what
the Sabbath rest was all about, a recognition of God’s constant
love and his continuing faithfulness.
This
is what we see in its perfection in Jesus Christ our Lord, our
Sabbath rest. He is the ultimate sign of the Father’s constant
love and continuing faithfulness.—the Editor