THE
LEGAL EAGLES
Robert Meyers
Sometimes
a phrase sticks in the mind even against the mind’s will. I
forget data important to me as preacher or professor, but remember
for years the jingle of an old ad: “You’ll wonder where
the yellow went, When you brush your teeth with Pepsodent!”
Nor
can I forget an old Groucho Marx movie in which the great old comic
actor set up for business under the name of J. Cheever Loophole,
The Legal Eagle. Partly, I suppose, because I’ve met so
many religious legal eagles who belonged to the Loophole family,
eternally obsessed with discovering some hidden sub-section of law or
with making ingenious inferences from language as tenuous as morning
fog.
These
legalists define life by rules, and grow so enamored of them that
they go about looking for them so as to fit them to every conceivable
circumstance. If they do not exist, the legalist contrives to create
them. He can fabricate one at the drop of a hat, spinning it off with
marvelous dexterity.
To such a
man, all of the Bible is a codebook of rules. It is impossible for
him to comprehend what Paul meant when he said that the letter kills,
but the spirit gives life. He is unable to see that “letter”
and “law” are equivalent in this text, and that his
legalism is therefore a hopeless, destructive way of life.
Nothing
ever illustrated legalism better than a religious debate I heard once
in which each man took his stand upon a base of rigid law. They were
trying to prove that is was right, or that it was not right, for one
church to cooperate with another in certain good endeavors. They used
subtleties of argument that would have done justice to the best of
medieval scholastics. No Supreme Court lawyer ever quibbled more
earnestly over the connotation of a word than these two men over
their semantic tidbits.
As I sat
there my mind kept escaping from the floodlit arena where the two men
boxed at each other with proof texts from Scripture. I thought of
Russia and America, two giant antagonists squared off against each
other with the most awesome destructive power ever known; of an
immense drug traffic which seems out of control; of the evils of
poverty, illiteracy, crime, cancer, over-population, tyranny.
This is
the world we live in, I thought, and right in the midst of it I had
gone to a church building to hear two men discuss whether it is
scriptural for churches to cooperate with each other to preach the
gospel and do good works!
One man
said that each church had to be independent, but that if it sent
money to another church for a program like the Herald of Truth, it
became dependent. I never quite understood why this had to follow,
but he was sure of it. He explained the subtle theological
distinctions between being “dependent,” “independent,”
and “interdependent.” He drew multitudes of circles on
the blackboard, and then put more circles within the circles, and
sometimes the mind had difficulty following the logic. But he said
that it was all so terribly important that we might be forever damned
if we didn’t get it straight.
I
couldn’t help thinking about the early Christian folk, not many
of them wise, not many wealthy. I doubted that members of the
Christian communities in Corinth, Colossae and Philippi could have
grasped such subtle distinctions as this man made. He labored for ten
minutes to show that a church can send “alms” to another
church, but can’t send “money.” The “alms”
could take the form of money, but so long as it was “alms”
it would be scriptural. My mind jumped wildly to the name of Phoebe,
deaconess in the Cenchrean church, and I wondered if she could have
gotten that distinction clearly enough to please God.
But it
was fascinating that night to watch legalism at work. I saw that when
two legal eagles debate an issue from that stance, each spinning out
complicated laws from any whispered hint in the Bible, the one who is
more clever will always win. It will not matter whether he is right
or wrong; he will win simply because he is more ingenious. If he can
spin out laws like cotton candy, and make his own prooftexts sound
more plausible than the other fellow’s, he will win. If he is
glib and authoritative and impressive—if he can crack jokes,
wheedle persuasively, thunder powerfully, and come up with fetching
slogans—he will win.
Intellectually,
I was on the side of the man who said that groups could cooperate.
Besides, he was the nicer of the two. But the man on the other side
won. His demonstration of legalistic genius was superior; he knew all
the tricks in the book. I felt a certain grudging admiration for his
skills, though I wondered at the same time how many visiting
preachers were squirming a little at the memory of the last time they
told a “sectarian” that the Bible was a simple book which
all men could see alike if they only would.
I
cherish the deep concern which brought many to that meeting. They
wanted very much to know what the word of God had to say to them. But
otherwise it was a profoundly depressing experience and, surely, a
dying game. How many can go on believing that God would balance our
eternal destiny on some turn of phrase, or send us irrevocably to
hell because we fell victim to the wrong legalist’s
creative mind?
When
I think of all the ancient quarrels which have divided us and broken
so many hearts, I am comforted by a certain poignant tale printed
some years ago in Life magazine. It told of the reunion of
Union and Confederate troops at Gettysburg one hot summer day back in
1913, fifty years after Pickett’s division had charged toward
the low stone wall where the Union’s Second Corps waited. When
these old men met, all rancor had vanished, replaced by a feeling
which many of them unashamedly called love.
They
reenacted the charge and the yells; the Confederates gained the wall
and stopped, holding out their hands. The Federals stretched theirs
out to clasp them, and the ranks stood eye to eye. There was silence
for a moment and a few of the old men began to weep, their tears
coursing down into grizzled beards. Those beards had given them the
standing joke for the day: “We all wear gray now.”
Age had overtaken them, one and all, and reminded them of their
common humanity.
On the
last day, when all but a few of the old men had departed, two of them
dawdled on the railway platform in Gettysburg, reluctant to say
goodbye. Repeatedly they shook hands, and finally they threw their
arms around one another. Neither was particularly good with words,
but both sensed that the occasion called for something more than
handclasps and an embrace. The idea struck them simultaneously: on
the platform they took off their coats and exchanged them. The Union
veteran from Oregon went home in gray, and the Louisiana Confederate
in blue.
In our
religious civil wars many of us, grown older, have found the love
that swallows up differences. Can we find a way to teach younger men,
so that they will know their brothers sooner and have no need to go
to war at all?