Highlights in Restoration History …

THE SCRIPTURE THAT FIRED A MOVEMENT

Some historians have recognized that every reformation within the church has been inspired by the book of Romans. It was certainly the case with Martin Luther, moved as he was by the great truth of Rom. 1:17, “The just shall live by faith.” That a lowly monk, troubled by his futile efforts to meet the demands of the law, should be moved as he was by a single line, quoted by the apostle from an ancient prophet, indicates how God’s word influences our lives when we are open to the Spirit’s leading. It has no doubt happened to many of us, and it is often but a single passage, or one new insight, that turns us in a different direction. And it is often one of the great truths of Romans. Someone was telling me recently that he noticed that when one of our preachers “discovers the grace of God” he begins preaching from the book of Romans.

So it was with Thomas Campbell, that genial Presbyterian who launched “a movement to unite the Christians in all the sects” on the American frontier. His Declaration and Address, written in 1804 in the attic of a farm house, is not only the greatest document produced by the Restoration Movement, but it has rightfully gained a place as a classic in the history of ecumenicity. Any of us can look to it as a Magna Charta of Christian freedom. It was written in a time of great unrest. Not only was Napoleon ravaging Europe, to which Campbell makes a reference in the Address, but the church was torn by strife and bickering in both Europe and America. Campbell wrote in quest of peace. “Tired and sick of the bitter jarrings and janglings of a party spirit, we would desire to be at rest,” he wrote’, and then indicated that he was in search of principles that would “restore unity, peace, purity to the whole Church of God.”

There is that mentality among us that will have to forgive Mr. Campbell for using the capital C. This remission of his went so far as to take this form: “Our intention, therefore, with respect to all the Churches of Christ is perfectly amicable.” What we now call “the church of Christ,” with the small c mind you, did not, of course, even exist back in 1804. Campbell supposed that the Presbyterian, Baptist, and Methodist churches were Churches of Christ, in spite of shortcomings that he wanted to help correct.

And notice where his idea of restoration began. He would restore unity, peace, and purity to the whole Church of God. This shows that he wanted restoration to be qualitative first of all. He wanted the church to have a certain character-to be united, peaceful, pure -and not simply to have certain forms.

While this important document is eminently scriptural, there are but few direct references to the Bible. After all, one may quote a string of passages without really being scriptural, just as he may set forth concepts and principles that are deeply rooted in scripture without actually quoting passages. But there is one passage that profoundly impressed Mr. Campbell, and it is the one scripture that he refers to more than once, and it is from the book of Romans.

It occurs in Proposition 2 of the Address, following the most quoted lines of our Movement’s history, in proposition 1: “The Church of Christ upon earth is essentially, intentionally, and constitutionally one.” And there is the capital C again, but you must bear in mind that Thomas Campbell did not have the advantage of attending one of our Schools of Preaching or Bible Colleges. Then in Proposition 2 he says: “Although the Church of Christ upon earth must necessarily exist in particular and distinct societies, locally separate one from another, yet there ought to be no schisms, no uncharitable divisions among them. They ought to receive each other as Christ Jesus hath also received them, to the glory of God.”

There is the passage that fired a unity movement —Romans 15:7. The way for us to be in separate churches and still be united, he is saying, is for us to practice Rom. 15:7: “Receive one another, therefore, even as Christ has received you, to the glory of God.” That this verse had great influence upon his thinking is evident from the fact that he returned to it after a few more pages: “But how to love and receive our brother, as we believe and hope Christ has received both him and us, and yet refuse to hold communion with him, is, we confess, a mystery too deep for us.”

As Luther was touched by the profundity of a single line from Romans in reference to salvation, so Campbell was influenced by a weighty principle from the same book in reference to the unity of the church. Luther came to see that it was faith, faith only in that it was by no work of righteousness that he could do, that would liberate him from all the legalisms of his theology. A single line from Romans fired the great Reformation. Little did Habakkuk realize when he wrote that line, The just shall live by faith, that it would one day spark a movement that would change the world. Let’s be careful never to despise the day of small things. That’s in the Bible too, isn’t it?

One little verse, tucked away in the latter part of Romans, touched the heart of a man who realized that the church would never be able to unite on opinions, doctrines, or theology. Paul’s simple analogy changed his thinking: those in the church are to receive each other on the same basis that Christ received them. This is how we can be different from each other and disagree with one another and still be united, by accepting one another just as Christ has received us, with all our errors and hangups. Yes, all those that Jesus receives are “in error” on some things and probably a lot of things. The apostle, in that same great book, says that it was while we were helpless and sinners that Christ died for us.

Many a lost soul has walked the aisle to accept Christ to the tune of that old hymn “Just As I Am.” Those pungent lines fit all of us, “Just as I am! poor, wretched, blind—Sight, riches, healing of the mind.” If Jesus received us while were were poor so as to make us rich, and while we were blind so as to give us sight, are we not to receive our brothers and sisters on the same grounds? Rom. 15:7 convinced Mr. Campbell that we are. And yet we go on in our self-righteousness taunting those who would “fellowship brothers in error,” as if we had any other kind. Aren’t you glad that Jesus received you while you were in error? If we had to be right about everything before the Lord would receive us, where would we be now?