FELLOWSHIP
W.
Carl Ketcherside
My
position on the fellowship we enjoy in Christ underwent a dramatic
change when, in a foreign land, I traveled my personal “Damascus
Road,” and, taking Jesus at his word, opened the door of my
inner self at his insistent knock and invited him in to commune with
me. When the love of God was poured out in my heart by the Holy
Spirit, and I knew that I had crossed the frontier from death unto
life because I could love
all
of
the brethren, I was forced to evaluate anew all that I had ever
believed and taught. And today I praise his name for the wonderful
deliverance from the sectarian spirit which he wrought in my unworthy
life through his marvelous grace.
Prior
to that time I was in the vanguard of one of the two dozen factions
into which our once glorious restoration heritage had fragmented. I
equated our party with the kingdom of heaven on earth, and regarded
conformity with us as faithfulness to the Lord. All of you were
“brothers in error,” and categorized as either sectarians
or hobbyists. In our arrogance we thought of ourselves as “the
faithful church,” and in our narrow and bitter exclusiveness we
confused fellowship with partisan recognition and acceptance, to be
withdrawn in pharisaic self-righteousness when one, in deference to
his conscience, could no longer acquiesce in the theological
molehills elevated to spiritual mountain status, and whose tongue
could no longer pronounce our shibboleth.
When
Jesus struck the sectarian shackles from my soul I came to see that
the only brethren I have are “brethren in error.” As Will
Rogers put it, “We are all ignorant, but just about different
things.” All of us are caught up in the human predicament. None
of us knows all there is to know. Every person among us is a
sectarian to some and a hobbyist to others. There are no exceptions!
A sectarian is one who has something we oppose, and a hobbyist is one
who opposes something that we have. And yet no one is a liberal or
conservative because of where he stands, but because of where we
stand as we look at him.
I
am ashamed of my previous littleness and bigotry. I have repented of
it and claimed the forgiveness of the Father. I no longer think that
I best serve him by fighting with his other children. I receive every
child of God as God received me, in spite of my hangups, mistaken
views and misunderstandings. So whatever may be your personal
position on any of the so-called “issues” which have been
hammered and pummeled into prominence, you are my brother. I love,
welcome and receive you, whether you concur with my views or not. You
are in the fellowship of the saints. Wherever my Father has a child
there I have a brother or sister. And I regard none of you as
half-brothers or stepbrothers. I have no “brothers-in-law”
but only brothers in grace!
The
word
koinonia,
commonly
translated fellowship, is a term of majesty and magnitude. William
Barclay asserts there is no single English word which can fully
represent it. Literally, it means “the sharing of a common
life,” and the New English Version is to be commended for so
rendering it. John declares that it is the sharing of eternal life,
the life of God, made possible by the incarnation and manifestation
of the Living Word, who came and brought his own tent with him, to
share our nomadic life as foreigners and pilgrims.
When
he besought the Father to give us the other Helper to abide with us
through the age of his absence, fellowship became the sharing of the
life of the indwelling Spirit. It is called “the fellowship of
the Spirit” in Philippians 2:1 and in 2 Corinthians 13:14,
where it is associated with the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ and
the love of God. All of these are divine gifts. Not one is a human
achievement. The fellowship of the Spirit is not something men can
extend or withdraw. It is a state or condition created by God which
they can enjoy and in which they share through divine grace and
marvelous love.
We
are called into this fellowship of the Son, by God, who is faithful
(1 Corinthians 1:9). The call is issued in the Good News, the factual
Message concerning the Son, which makes it possible for us to share
in his life of suffering here and in the glory of his life over there
(2 Thess. 2:14). The proper response to the Good News introduces us
to the fellowship of the Father and Son by the power of the
indwelling Spirit. And that response is made by the belief of one
fact and the obedience of one act. That fact is the noblest
proposition ever affirmed in a universe defiled by sin, that Jesus is
the Anointed One, the Son of God. The act, validating his lordship
over the whole scope of surrendered existence is immersion in water.
No other creed except Christ must be confessed, no other act than
baptism must be performed, in order to be translated into the
fellowship of the redeemed of all ages.
It
is my conviction that every sincere believer in the Lord Jesus
Christ, on the face of this earth, who is immersed upon the basis of
his faith, is in the fellowship of which God’s precious
revelation speaks. I do not receive him into the fellowship. I
receive him because he is in it. And I receive him as God received
me, in spite of my ignorance, shortcomings and immaturity. Fellowship
is not something to be negotiated or arrived at through argument,
debate or conformity to orthodoxy. It is the gift of God through a
love so powerful as to be almost incomprehensible to a weak mortal
like myself.
The
fellowship is the vitalizing principle of the one body, and that body
is not composed of sects, splinters, or segments of believers. It is
constituted of individuals joined to Jesus as head, and joined to one
another only because they are joined to him. Fellowship is first
vertical, and then horizontal. So our unity is not based upon
conventional conformity but upon covenantal community. Every saved
person on earth is in that body and in the fellowship. In our present
state of schism and division, no faction or movement has all of God’s
sheep in its partisan corral. I am in the fellowship with saints of
God who never heard of Barton W. Stone or Thomas Campbell. Some of
them have never heard of Alexander Campbell and the
Christian
Baptist.
They
have not even heard of W. Carl Ketcherside and
Mission
Messenger.
It
is a stern indictment against us that we have confused fellowship
with other things and have promoted division while proclaiming unity.
Fellowship is not endorsement of the views, opinions, or
interpretations of another. Fellowship is a transcendent relationship
to provide community. Endorsement, on the other hand, is the sanction
of, or assent to the ideas expressed by another. All of us endorse
some views of those with whom we are not in the fellowship; all of us
are in the fellowship with some whose views we do not endorse.
The
brethren in Jerusalem did not all endorse Peter’s conduct at
the house of Cornelius, but it was precisely because they were in the
fellowship that they questioned him (Acts 11:1-8).
Paul
did not endorse the judgment or opinion of Barnabas in his desire to
have John Mark accompany them, but it did not affect their fellowship
(Acts 15:39).
Paul
did not endorse the action of Simon Peter at Antioch but he did not
sever him from the fellowship (Gal. 2:11), unless you have one of the
apostles excluding another.
The
scrupulous vegetarian did not endorse the act of eating meat but was
forbidden to judge the one who did so, for God had received him
(Romans 14:3). This shows that God receives men whose opinions,
habits and actions others cannot endorse in good conscience.
The
Bible teaches that individuals may live worthy of Christ and be saved
even though in a congregation, the majority of whose members neither
God nor themselves can endorse (Revelation 3:1-6).
Jesus
said that a minority group will not be charged with endorsement of
doctrine which they do not sanction or hold, even in a congregation
which tolerates it and allows it to be taught (Revelation 2:18-29).
It
is silly to equate fellowship with endorsement. Not one of us who has
learned anything in the last twenty years, endorses all he believed
that long ago. The ghost of fellowship present (to borrow a page from
Charles Dickens) would need to withdraw from the ghost of fellowship
past. We would be forced to exclude ourselves retroactively, for if
we could be in the fellowship twenty years ago and hold our mistaken
views, others can be in the fellowship today with the same views. If
not, God is a respecter of persons. To argue that fellowship is
contingent upon endorsement would mean that God could not be in
fellowship with any of us, unless that which is perfect can endorse
that which is not.
Again,
fellowship is not conditioned upon harmony, but harmony is a goal, or
fruit, of fellowship. We are in the fellowship not because we are in
harmony, but because we are in the fellowship we strive to attain
unto harmony. Not one injunction encouraging concord as found in the
apostolic letters was written to produce fellowship. Every such
statement was addressed to those who were in the fellowship and
because they were in it. A good example is found in
Philippians 2:1, 2, where the apostle cites “the
fellowship of the Spirit” as his ground for urging the saints
to “fill up my cup of happiness by thinking and feeling alike,
with the same love for one another, the same turn of mind, and a
common care for unity.”
Certainly
the congregation at Corinth lacked harmony. Paul postponed visiting
them because he said, “I fear I may find quarreling and
jealousy, angry tempers and personal rivalries, backbiting and
gossip, arrogance and general disorder.” Still, he regarded
them as called saints, in the fellowship of our Lord Jesus Christ.
They were God’s building, God’s garden, God’s
temple. They belonged to Christ. And it was because of this he urged,
“Mend your ways; take our appeal to heart; agree with one
another; live in peace; and the God of peace will be with you. Greet
one another with the kiss of peace.”
But
I am asked upon what grounds a congregation may dissociate itself
from one who is recognized as a brother. There is no scriptural basis
for one congregation excluding another congregation. No discipline
can be exercised beyond the grounds of jurisdiction, without a gross
usurpation of power and the exercise of tyranny. No coalition of
congregations in an area can, through elected delegates or
self-appointed representatives excommunicate another congregation.
All such pressure groups are spawned by the spirit of Rome and not by
the Spirit of Christ. If we proclaim congregational autonomy let us
also practice it!
I
hold that the scriptures teach that there are only three basic
reasons for delivery of one unto Satan. All three have a common root.
Since fellowship is established upon a covenantal commitment, only
the renunciation or repudiation of that relationship can bring about
a rupture of the fellowship. The common life is entered by an
acceptance of the Lordship of Jesus over our earthly existence, and
it can only be disrupted by a renunciation of our pledge of
allegiance to him as our sovereign.
One
may deny the Lordship of Jesus in two ways — by what he does,
or by what he says. If he adopts a life-style or engages in a course
of conduct in defiance of the moral and ethical values associated
with Jesus, he ruthlessly violates the covenantal relationship. His
behavior constitutes a public and blatant declaration that he will
not allow Christ to reign over him. Thus, one ground for dissociation
from a brother is moral turpitude, and this is discussed at length in
1 Cor. 5.
Another
basis for congregational action is the advocacy of doctrines which
separate from God. One may be mistaken about many things, but
erroneous opinions will not necessarily sever him from God, else God
would have no children left. The Father loves his children. He will
no more cast them out because of faulty spiritual vision or inability
than I would drive out a physically retarded child. And God has a lot
of such children. The body of truth is like the human body, in that
it has many members. Not all of these are essential to being, some
are essential only to wellbeing. All truths are equally true but not
all truths are equally important.
What
one must believe in order to enter into the fellowship of life is
more important than what one may believe while in that life. Thus, a
denial of the facts related to Jesus as the Messiah and Son of God
will destroy the relationship created by acceptance of those facts.
Such a denial separates from God exactly as such acceptance unites
with God. If one is right about Jesus he can be wrong about a lot of
things and still be saved. If he is wrong about Jesus, he can be
right about everything else and still be lost. Fellowship is not
conditioned upon being right about a given number of things, but upon
being in the right One who was given for our sins.
The
third basis for such actions as I am discussing is the factional
spirit. This motivates one who is subverted and self-condemned to
ignore all entreaty and admonition and to pursue a course of
fragmentation of the body. To erect a “pro” or “con”
party about any opinion or secondary matter, even if it is a truth,
is a work of the flesh. It is a sign of deep-seated carnality and
childish immaturity. Thus, the apostle says, “Avoid stupid
controversies, genealogies, dissensions, and quarrels over the law,
for they are unprofitable and futile. As for a man who is factious,
after admonishing him once or twice, have nothing more to do with
him”. No one ever started a faction until he enticed others to
sympathize with and follow him. “It is these who set up
divisions, worldly people, devoid of the Spirit” (Jude 19).
These
three destructive tendencies are the only tests of union or communion
for the community of the reconciled ones. A consistent course of
conduct which denies that Jesus is the source of life, advocacy of
those doctrines which deny that Jesus is the foundation of life, and
fragmentation of the body which expresses on earth that Jesus is the
life — these constitute the sole scriptural reasons for a
refusal to welcome, walk and work with our brethren.
No
honest opinion arrived at from personal study of the sacred volume,
and held in good conscience, can ever be made a test of fellowship
without first becoming an unwritten creed. Regardless of whether
one’s deductions may be right or wrong about cups or classes,
music or the millennium, he must be received and retained, recognized
and respected. No personal experience to which he testifies, whether
we regard it as valid or invalid, can be made the excuse for driving
one forth from under the umbrella of our congregational love.
It
is at this point we reveal the tragedy growing out of our mistaken
view of the glorious fellowship of the Spirit. Although we began
historically as “a project to unite the Christians among the
sects,” we are now one of the most schismatic religious
movements on the contemporary American scene. We are divided over
missionary societies, instrumental music, centralized control,
colleges, orphan homes, the support of national and international
radio and television programs, the right to own television sets,
leavened bread, unleavened bread, the manner of breaking the bread,
fermented wine, individual cups, Bible classes, uninspired
literature, the work of evangelists, the pastor system, marriage of
divorced persons, speaking with tongues, divine healing, the
charismatic renewal movement, foot-washing, the hour of meeting to
eat the Lord’s Supper, and a host of other things too numerous
to mention, as they say in auction bills and posters.
Not
once in all of God’s word is division of God’s children
authorized as an approach to problems within the body. Every time
division among the saints is mentioned it is condemned, and yet we
could not be more divided if it were commanded of God. The fact is
that we have had only one approach to differences when they arise —
partisan debate, and only one solution where debate failed —
division. Yet the first is discouraged and the second is condemned as
contrary to the will of God.
And
now, that we have splintered and fragmented ourselves until our very
plea for unity makes a laughingstock of our radio broadcasts, we are
told that we must thresh out every angle of every wrangle, and argue
to a standstill every action of every faction, before we can ever
have the satisfaction of a combined effort for our precious Lord. I
deny that. And I have renounced partisan debate with any of my
brethren as holding out any hope for a return to sanity of a movement
madly tearing at its own flesh and consuming its own offspring.
I
want to be clearly understood. I ask no one to see things as I see
them. I solicit no one to work as I work. I shall love you as much if
you disagree with me as if you agree. My love is not based upon your
mental assent to my views but upon what Jesus did for us all. But I
want to serve notice here and now that I reject our whole sectarian
approach to the brotherhood of the ransomed and redeemed. My brethren
are not limited to the confines of one narrow partisan corral. I am
sick of the whole hypocritical partisan approach and I never intend
again, so help me God, to sell my soul to any group whose price for
their love must be my hatred and hostility to other brethren.
I
have brethren who believe that Bible classes are wrong and other
brethren who have educational wings which look like state office
buildings. I have brethren who use only one container for the fruit
of the vine and other brethren who use hundreds of little plastic
glasses to serve the multitude. I have brethren who oppose Herald of
Truth and never miss seeing it, and other brethren who support it and
never look at it. I have brethren who would never allow an electric
organ on the premises even for a wedding, and others who play on one
every time they assemble to sing God’s praise. But not a one of
these has anything to do with the fellowship which is in Christ
Jesus!
All
of these I have mentioned are my brothers and I love them all. I do
not agree with them upon everything they think, say or do. Certainly
I cannot condone or endorse that with which I do not agree. But they
are not answerable to me. They are answerable to the same Father who
will also judge me. And I shall never again set at nought a brother
for whom Christ died, over such matters. I will allow him to stand or
fall to his own Master. I will not play God with the lives and
thoughts of God’s other children.
It
is not easy to take the road of love for all of the brethren. It is
the most difficult thing I ever sought to do. It makes you
vulnerable, naked in spirit and open to attack. But I am committed to
trudging this road into the sunset glow because it is the one which
He asked me to walk. If it means crucifixion at the hands of those
whom I love, the cross is not too great a price to pay for the crown.
What
does this mean spelled out in terms of our practical problems of
today? It means that the brethren who labor, teach and study at
Abilene Christian College are my brethren. It also means that those
who are associated with Florida College occupy the same spot in my
heart. But it also means that the brethren at Cincinnati Bible
Seminary and Ozark Bible College are just as much my brethren. I love
them all. They are all God’s children. They are all members of
the royal family. I will go among them all, sharing with them my
concepts as they will allow, and when they will not allow, then
listening to them that I may learn and grow in knowledge as well as
grace.
It
means that Pat Boone is my brother and Shirley Boone is my sister.
Whether the personal experience to which they testify is the work of
the Spirit as they interpret it, or an emotional and psychological
projection, as others interpret it, has not one thing to do with
fellowship in Christ Jesus our Lord. I have all my life put up with
people who had difficulty with English and I am not about to run
someone off who says he can speak something else. My real trouble is
not with brethren who claim to speak in tongues and don’t know
what they are saying. It is with those who claim to speak English and
I don’t know what they are saying!
The
brethren who produce and propagandize the Herald of Truth programs
are my brethren. The brethren who take to the air waves and support
radio programs to attack their means of support are my brethren. The
brethren who would not allow a television set on the place, and have
to go over to a neighbor’s place to watch the election returns,
are my brethren. If I have to wait until everyone is consistent
before I can have a brother, I will never have one, and if they all
become consistent, they might exclude me.
So
I propose to allow my brethren to go their way, blasting and
bombarding one another as antis and liberals, but I will receive them
all as long as they seek to cleave to Jesus as their prophet, priest
and king. And I think all of them earnestly seek this. I no longer
carry a pocket-full of labels and tags. And I have resolved never
again to be boxed up in a neat factional package as a public display
of loyalty. Pigeon-holing is for the birds!
Centuries
before our Lord made this “the visited planet,” God used
the tongue of a herd man from Tekoa to thunder his wrath upon the
people of Tyre because they “remembered not the brotherly
covenant.” Will the divine censure poured out upon a people who
once united to erect an earthly temple, be less severe upon those who
were incorporated as living stones in a spiritual temple, and who
have trampled under their factional feet the covenant of brotherhood?
Will we be forgiven if we take the keen sword handed us to vanquish a
malevolent foe, and bathe it in the warm spiritual gore of God’s
other children?
I
know not what course others may take, but I am resolved to ignore the
cold and cruel fences and barriers our fathers erected to separate
and segregate members of the divine family. I refuse to perpetuate
the senseless feuds which originated in passion and have been kept
inflamed by the tongues of bitterness and haughty pride. The dynamic
of love has transformed into glowing transparency those walls which
previously were opaque and I can now see my brethren on both sides of
them. Praise God for such wonderful love — love which can melt
hearts of stone — love which can span the frightful chasms
eroded by hostility and bitterness.
Regardless
of your personal feeling toward me, regardless of our divergent
views, you are my brethren. All of you. We are in the fellowship of
the divine. And I have been blessed above measure by a recognition of
this wider, broader, and greater fellowship which makes possible
soul-expansion in the pure atmosphere of the abundant life. I have
learned the meaning of the poetic words:
He drew a circle and shut me out,
Heretic, rebel, a thing to flout;
But love and I had the wit to win,
We
drew a circle, and took him in.
—139
Signal Hill Dr., St. Louis 63121
(Following the presentation of this paper, it was responded to by Harold Hazelip, Dean, Harding College Graduate School of Religion, Memphis, Tn., whose paper immediately follows this one. —Ed.)