THE CHURCH OF CHRIST
AND CIVIL RIGHTS DEMONSTRATIONS
Norman L. Parks
The Church of Christ is a lower middle class
denomination. This identification implies not only a group centered
in a clearly defined social stratum, but also a group inclined to
read into its religion as binding rules the mores practiced by its
members. An example of this is a manuscript by the president of
Alabama Christian College entitled “The Attitude of a Christian
in the Midst of a Race Crisis.”
Though I do not know personally President Rex Turner
and have never visited his college (though I once made a modest
contribution to its support), I would assume that he is both a very
sincere and a humble man. Sincerity and humility, however, are not
sufficient to dress in Christian robes the essential authoritarian
and reactionary themes of his essay.
In keeping with the legalism of his religious group,
President Turner reveals a full acceptance of the dichotomy of
superordination-subordination. He identifies three classes of social
“sub-ordinates” in wives, children, and “ servants”
(i.e. negroes). “True enough,” he observes, “slavery
is unlawful in the United States. The fine principle involved in the
master-slave relationship, however, obtains today in both social and
civic relationships of a like nature as it did in Paul’s day.”
During the current race crisis, he believes, the
Christian must do nothing to alter the status quo, but must pursue a
neutral course. “The present trend on the part of a segment of
gospel preachers and leaders to crusade for the cause of
desegregation,” he writes, “is contrary to the true
spirit of Christianity.” Those who do so identify with the
wrong crowd (“rank modernists”) — the familiar
guilt-by-association stereotype. Even worse, they become committed to
“an effort to displace the gospel of Christ with a social
gospel.” Christians who oppose racial ghettos and insist that
negroes be granted the right to rent or own homes in any residential
area, leading to desegregated churches, “are being ridiculous.”
Those who approve of peaceful marches, mass petitions,
and assemblies to protest second class citizenship, disfranchisement,
racial discrimination, or Bull Connor’s police dogs may have
the constitution and laws on their side, but not the Montgomery
educator. No, indeed! They are “under spiritual obligation”
to refrain from such! Martin Luther King and the NAACP by his
standards clearly belong to the world, the flesh, and the devil.
No doubt such a stance will win the approval of the
Montgomery power bloc It may help in local money-raising and
attracting white students. However, it is a reasonable presumption
that, in spite of his article, President Turner will sign on the
dotted line to obtain federal grants and loans. At least most of the
other Church of Christ colleges, trailing far to the rear of the
secular institutions, have accepted nominal desegregation and hit the
federal money trail. How quick can action come when it becomes
possible to serve both God and mammon!
It is a curious mentality which insists that a
Christian may not support the negro’s cause, leaving him in his
present state of enforced inferiority, but which goes all out for dry
laws, movie and book censorship, and Sunday closing laws. Not too
long ago the administrators of the largest Church of Christ college
appeared in a nation-wide TV documentary clamoring for a movie
censorship board in their city.
Does the religion of Christ embrace the dichotomy of
superordination-subordination? We think not. As brothers and equals,
we are “all one” in Christ Jesus. The injury of one is
the injury of all and “any man’s death diminishes me.”
A religion which rides by on the other side and fails to express
itself in action against the deprivation and the economic, social,
and spiritual starvation of one’s fellowman is not the religion
described in the New Testament. The meaning of the Nazareth Charter
is as broad as the words which Jesus invoked to describe his mission:
“The Spirit of the Lord is upon me,
because he has anointed me to preach glad tidings to the poor.
He has sent me to proclaim release to the captives and recovering of sight to the blind,
to set at liberty those who are oppressed,
to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord.”
This magnificent charter makes no distinction between
the gospel of Christ and all-out effort on behalf of the oppressed,
the imprisoned, the poverty-stricken, and the disinherited. What kind
of religion is it that says to society’s victims, “We
will minister to your souls, but we will not march with you or lift
our voices to protest any of the burdens which drag you down into the
darkness of poverty, ignorance, and vice, sin against your manhood,
or rob you of spiritual light?” The man who sees no ray of hope
for a better life here is not likely to catch a moving vision of a
celestial city hereafter. Homilies and sermons on the racial crisis
will be vain unless addressed to the profound reasons for the moral
disarray of the American negro.
President Turner is afraid of “excitement,”
“social and political unrest,” “demonstrations,”
and “agitators.” So is the supporter of every status
quo order from the Sanhedrin to the Kremlin.
Perhaps it has not occurred to him that it is not so much the negro
being the agitator as being agitated in his efforts “to reply
to God after the silence of the centuries.” Perhaps he doesn’t
remember that a group of Christian “agitators” were
involved in a riot at Ephesus. And has he forgotten that Paul and his
associates were described as “those who have turned the world
upside down”? They did, too, because they hit the silversmith
business at Ephesus, the soothsaying business in Macedonia, racialism
in Athens and class distinction everywhere.
Christianity is not a status quo religion, as the scathing social messages of John the Baptist foretold. And they got him into trouble. Truly, as the Good Book reminds us, “We get into the kingdom through many a trouble.”
__________________
Norman Parks is Professor of Political Science
at Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro. He received the
Ph.D. from Vanderbilt. He has spent sixteen years as a student and
teacher at Church of Christ Colleges, including eight years as dean
at David Lipscomb College. He taught also at Freed-Hardeman and
Oklahoma Christian. While always loyal to his Church of Christ
background, he wishes to serve more widely as a disciple-at-large.