
GOOD
WORD FROM ABILENE
Wesley
Reagan gave a speech at the Abilene Christian College Lectures this
year that deserves the commendation of us all. Even before I had
opportunity to read the speech I had heard of its invigorating effect
from those who were present when it was delivered. Quite obviously
there should be more of this kind of thing at college lectureships,
ideas that challenge the thinking and question the status quo. The
rarity of such may be accounted for on two grounds: first, a man of
deep conviction must be on the program; second, he must have
sufficient courage to state his case. Within the framework of
partyism, whether religious or political, this combination is indeed
rare. The speeches at the centers of orthodoxy that cut across party
thinking are, therefore, something like angels’ visits, few and
far between. But we are thankful for what does come, and we commend
both the brother and the college that made it possible.
Some
of the points in the speech that are especially noteworthy are:
1.
We have worked largely with a certain economic class of respectable
white people in a narrow strip across a few southern states. Indians,
Negroes, and the non-whites generally, along with the poor and the
outcasts, we have cared little for. Our Great Commission in the
“Revised Modern Practice Version” should therefore read:
‘Go ye therefore and make disciples of all middle class
southern Anglos with good moral reputations.”
2.
Where our congregations are large we are known by bankers, editors,
school boards and civic clubs as people who pay their bills and make
good after-dinner speakers, but we are not known by the poor. We are
seldom seen in the slums, prisons, and charity wards of hospitals.
3.
While a firm doctrinal stand is important, we must also be conscious
of the cry of human need. Is Christianity a religion of doctrine
only? Or is it a religion of service, giving and doing? Preaching
compassion without practicing it is what James spoke of as the corpse
of Christianity. We need to get down into the ditch of human need and
dirty our hands and empty our pockets helping people.
4.
Our urgent age of exploding population, nuclear warheads, and instant
communication has made unity a practical necessity as well as a
doctrinal truth. Denominations are discussing their differences, and
some of them are uniting, and these efforts toward unity often
represent a genuine concern for the Biblical doctrine of unity. We
too should converse with those involved in ecumenical movements. In
our recent past we have had much to say about unity, but our practice
has been one of splitting and splintering.
5.
While it is true that we cannot sit down at the conference table to
negotiate the gospel, why can we not converse with others toward a
mutual understanding of the gospel? Why can we not at least present
our convictions and seek to understand theirs? How long can we stand
in our pulpits and cry, “Unity, unity,” while we refuse
to discuss with others the basis of unity? Until we try to understand
and be understood, we actually contribute to the confusion and
division in the religious world. Honest differences can sometimes be
resolved by frank conversations. Mistrust, misunderstanding and
misrepresentation can be minimized.
6.
What are we saying to the public on the most pressing moral and
spiritual needs of our time? Where is the John the Baptist among us
who will rise up and condemn Herod’s adultery? We do little to
preach the gospel to a society as a whole. We preach mostly to the
Church with a few visitors. Evaluated from the standpoint of an
evangelized world, we are an utter failure.
7.
One of our desperate needs is to develop more powerful public
preachers. We need preaching that will be quoted in the news columns
of the papers, not because it is bizarre or sensational, but because
it is relevant and incisive.
UNITY
MEET IN DALLAS
The
Seminar on Fellowship at Wynnewood Christian Chapel in Dallas in June
was shared by more than a hundred brethren from at least eight
different segments of Churches of Christ-Christian Churches, along
with representative people from a few other groups. Interest ran
high, the studies were inspiring, and the exchanges were penetrating.
A wonderfully fine brotherly spirit prevailed throughout, with
absolutely no untoward incident occurring.
These
unity meetings have demonstrated, if nothing else, that brethren of
widely divergent views, who have previously had no contact with each
other because of the tragedy of division, can indeed come together
and pray, sing, talk, and study. We have found it to be true
virtually without exception that everyone who attends these
gatherings is convinced that they are good for us all.
The
press coverage was excellent if not incredible. Both of our
metropolitan dailies gave us writeups, but one of them, the Dallas
Times Herald, gave us daily coverage, providing five writeups
that ran from 12 to 18 inches in two-column spread, one of which made
the front page! The Herald also fed the stories to the
Religious News Service, which makes its way around the world. I read
about ourselves in one widely-circulated denominational journal that
resulted from RNS coverage.
The
newspapers thought it significant that a congregation within a
divided denomination would invite all the divergent groups to sit
down together and talk over the differences, and while they are at it
to go to the trouble also of listening to what Jews and Roman
Catholics have to say about it all. From these writeups came several
interesting contacts, one of which was with three study groups in the
Dallas-Ft. Worth area that meet from house to house on an ecumenical
basis. Some of us have since met with one such group made up of Roman
Catholics and Protestants, who visit with each other each month and
study together the great writings of both Protestants and Roman
Catholics. This is strictly at the grassroots level, and is carried
on by laymen whose clergymen are not enthusiastic about it. I might
give you a fuller report on this in these columns at another time.
The
most unique feature of the seminar was the appearance of The Rev.
Raphael Kamel of St. Monica Catholic Church in Dallas, who told us
that he would never have shared in such a program five years ago -
“and it would have been too bad for me if I had!” He was
pointing out how much his church had changed: “The Catholic
Church has changed more in the past five years than in the previous
300 years!”
The
priest was friendly, humble, yielding, even to the point of being
disarming. He was obviously sincere in his plea that all Christians
learn to work together in those ways consistent with their
convictions. Someone asked him if he had to ask his bishop about
appearing on the program, or if he had to give an account of his
remarks. He explained that he was perfectly free to do as he wished,
that he had said nothing to the bishop, and that the bishop would not
expect him to do so. From the experiences that we were having with
some of our own brethren the question arose as to whether Church of
Christ folk are as free as Roman priests!
The
Jewish rabbi was all wound up to tell us how the Christian unity
movements looks to a Jew, and how he thinks the Jews are related to
it all. But he had an attack of some kind the morning that he was to
appear. We felt we were the losers. I had appeared at the rabbi’s
congregation in Dallas some months before, and I was sure he would be
an interesting experience for our brethren.
The
bulk of the seminar was, of course, given over to the family affair
of our own divisions. There were many highlights. Prof. DeGroot of
Texas Christian University observed that the important thing in the
immediate future was communication with each other, something we have
sadly lacked, but which has now begun. He pointed to the forty
mergers of denominations in recent years as a hopeful sign, but saw
the work of unity as extending well into next century.
Prof.
Clarence Stanke of Midwest Christian College in Oklahoma City (an
Independent Christian Church brother) defined fellowship as a two-way
relationship between God and man, one vertical and one horizontal.
The vertical is between man and God, the horizontal between man and
man. The vertical makes possible the horizontal. It is the vertical
that should concern man, for the horizontal will follow in due
course. Man does not control the horizontal anyway, for it depends on
the vertical for its existence.
Harold
Fite of the Castleberry Church of Christ in Ft. Worth, which is
labeled these days as “conservative,” insisted in a
friendly and brotherly manner that substantial doctrinal agreement
and uniformity in interpretation of scripture is essential to unity.
While Frank Morgan of the Hampton Place Church of Christ, which would
be classed as “liberal” by brother Fite’s group,
did not speak to that particular point, he did emphasize that
fellowship is the work of the Holy Spirit, and it is as we become
more spiritual that we are drawn closer to each other.
Carl
Ketcherside, of non-instrumental Church of Christ background, pointed
out that the same thing that makes one a son of God makes him a
brother to every other son of God. “Brotherhood is not created
by a relationship to each other, but by a mutual relationship to the
Father,” he said.
Prof.
S. Lewis Johnson of Dallas Seminary, a Baptist and a Greek scholar
who enriched the seminar by sitting on the panel on Kerygma and
Didache and their Relation to Fellowship, warned against letting
ecumenical concern cause doctrinal indifference. He admitted that
doctrinal agreement is not necessary to fellowship, but it does
strengthen fellowship.
If
we had awarded a prize to the one who made the most timely,
provocative, and resourceful presentation, I personally would
consider it a draw between that given by Thomas Langford, a new Ph.D.
from TCU but of non-class Church of Christ who joins the faculty at
Texas Tech this fall, on Identifying the Heretic; and A. Dale
Crain, minister to a Lincoln, Neb. Christian Church (Independent) who
spoke on The Church and Individual Freedom.
We
will not try even a sentence summary for we hope to present articles
by both of these men, based on their presentations, within the near
future. But these men, like Obert Henderson and Curtis Lydic who were
also on the program, represent a young crop of intelligent minds and
dedicated hearts that are going to make a difference in the church of
tomorrow. Wise enough to remain within the framework that Providence
placed them, they are also spiritual enough to rise above partyism
and catch the vision of what the fellowship of the saints can mean to
us all.
It
is only when men are left free that they can seriously strive toward
excellence. A stale orthodoxy breeds mediocrity and superficiality.
It can be terribly dull and unedifying. Brethren who complain of such
things in the lectureships at the Christian Colleges should have a
unity meeting, inviting first of all those with whom they differ the
most, and leave each one free to say what he will. We will be glad to
insure it against dullness! And with men on board such as we had in
Dallas, you will be thankful for it all and fully confident that all
have been blessed, even when your audience is a mixture of Ph.D.’s,
preachers, students, laborers and housewives.
One
aged brother declared most seriously that it was the greatest
experience he ever had, and another brother wrote: “It was
probably one of the most significant meetings of its kind in this
generation.”
As
we say in these parts, one day we were in high cotton and the next
day in tall corn, and in the evenings we ate high on the hog!
WHO
PREACHES THE GOSPEL?
Sometime
back the following notice appeared in Christian Reporter, a
newspaper about Churches of Christ in the Dallas area:
“A
picture directory of the preachers of the Gospel of Christ in the
Dallas area is being planned for an early issue of the Christian
Reporter. All the preachers in the area are requested to send a
recent glossy print photo.”
Surely
the editor would be startled if he were deluged with a mailbag full
of pictures from hundreds of preachers, including Baptists,
Methodists, Presbyterians and all the rest. Should that happen we
presume the editor would be able to go through them and identify “the
preachers of the Gospel of Christ in the Dallas area,” just as
we have brethren who have the unique talent of going through the
telephone directory and identifying the Christians, based primarily
upon what church they belong to.
Dr.
W. A. Criswell, who for almost a generation has ministered to the
First Baptist Church in Dallas, the largest of all Baptist churches,
will not be included in the preachers’ picture gallery. The
judgment is that he does not preach the gospel of Christ. It is not
that he is wrong in some of his doctrinal views, but that he does
not preach the gospel. I read articles by Bishop Martin of the
Methodist Church in journals published abroad, and he is definitely
one of the great churchmen of the nation, let alone of the Dallas
area. But we will not find Bishop Martin’s picture in the
directory, for he does not preach the gospel of Christ.
Even
the renowned Billy Graham, who is a member of Criswell’s
church, cannot get his picture in. He doesn’t preach the gospel
either.
The
Christian Reporter is not proposing a picture gallery of those
preachers who are right on all doctrinal points (by the way, whose
picture could possibly be included?) but “the preachers of
the Gospel of Christ in the Dallas area.” We are persuaded that
the editor does not quite mean what he says. He means “the
Church of Christ preachers in the Dallas area.”
Well,
not quite that, for there are a score or more of Church of Christ
ministers that he would not include. There are now some six or seven
preachers among the premillennial brethren in the Dallas area, all of
whom will accept the editor of the Christian Reporter into
their fellowship, but none of whom he will accept into his picture
gallery of preachers of the gospel.
There
are others: the “antis” of all descriptions, as they are
called. The non-class, non-Herald of Truth, non-cups preachers in the
Dallas area would add up to nearly a score. Are these not preachers
of the gospel?
So
what the editor really means is something like this: “the
preachers in the Dallas area who belong to our particular party
within the Churches of Christ.” But that isn’t the
orthodox way to say it.
Who
is a minister of the gospel of Christ? Who qualifies for the Master’s
picture gallery? Must we conclude that only those ministers who are
loyal to the particular tenets of a Church of Christ group are gospel
preachers? The condition of both the church and the world is bad
enough already without any such conclusion as that.
When
a man proclaims victory over sin through the risen Christ he is a
gospel preacher. Men like Dr. Criswell, Bishop Martin, and Billy
Graham proclaim the glad tidings of heaven. They may err in their
instructions as to how men are to respond to the gospel, just
as we all err in many things, but they are as much preachers of the
gospel as any of the rest of us.
“I
delivered to you as of first importance what I also received, that
Christ died for our sins in accordance with the scriptures, that he
was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with
the scriptures.” (I Cor. 15:1-4) It was in proclaiming these
facts of heaven that made Paul a gospel preacher. The same
proclamation today makes the one who proclaims it a gospel preacher,
be he a Methodist bishop, a Baptist evangelist, or a Church of Christ
minister from Abilene.
It
is risky business for preachers or editors in any area to take it
upon themselves to determine who should be included in a list of
gospel preachers. By means of their pulpits and editorial columns
they bind and loose as they please. A man is out when “the
gospel preachers of the area” no longer accept him. Despite our
claims of congregational autonomy, these conditions prevail. The
historians label such maneuvering ecclesiasticism. Jesus had
other words to describe it.
OPERATION
DEEP FREEZE
We
may suppose that Robert C. W. Ettinger intends to be taken seriously
in his book The Prospect of Immortality, in which he suggests
that science may find a way to freeze a person who has died, thus
preserving him until such time as medical knowhow is able to correct
what caused his death, at which time he will be thawed and restored
to life. The book is not intended as science fiction, but is rather a
serious proposal as to what the future might hold for man. It just
might be, Ettinger supposes, that man may someday conquer death
itself, just as he has succeeded in conquering most of the diseases
that has for centuries plagued him. Science must yet defeat such
things as cancer, heart-diseases, multiple sclerosis, and psychiatric
illnesses — and then the greatest of the antagonists, death itself!
Ettinger
observes that there are different stages of death: clinical,
biological, and cellular. If the death process can be arrested after
the first stage, which is only the cessation of heart beat and
breathing and is not a degeneration of cells as the later stages are,
by instantaneous freezing, then the body can be stored until science
knows how to correct the causes of death.
Presumably
one could choose the age of the future in which he would like to live
again. If he wanted to avoid any such embarrassments as coming back
at a time when his widow would be married to another man, or when he
would have to face many of his old unpaid debts, then he could decree
a new life for himself a thousand years from now or even ten
thousand. This way he could satisfy his curiosity as to what the
world will then be like. In that case his frozen carcass would be
labeled: “To be resuscitated in 11965 A.D.”
Ettinger
recognizes some rather formidable problems to his proposal, both
practical and scientific. It would be costly, as much as $50,000 per
body. There is the medical problem of overcoming the bodily damage
caused by present-day freezing methods. Too, one has to be frozen
immediately, so he can’t “die” just anywhere. He
certainly can’t drop dead on a hunting trip if he expects to
live again in 11965 A.D. Then you have the problem of senility. Who
wants to be an old man forever? Ettinger’s prospect of
immortality offers no hope that one can return young. Not the
least of the problems is the one that we already have:
over-population. Add to this the problem of storing all the bodies
and “Operation Deep Freeze” appears unlikely.
But
I am realistic enough about human nature to think of still other
problems, some of them indeed gruesome. I can envisage an age (The
Post-Atomic Era?) in which the nations that are seeking to rebuild
civilization will be at war with each other over the great depository
of icy cadavers in the North Pole. The wrong side wins and we are all
aroused from our winter of contentment only to be made slaves of a
tyrant!
Up
to this point I have been only half-serious, in case you have to be
told, but Ettinger is more than half-serious. His new book is a
reflection of an age that is becoming increasingly ignorant of the
will of God. Ours is a nation that is behaving more and more as if
there were no God. Unlike Hagar who was so conscious of the presence
of God in her life that she could say, ‘Thou, God, seest me,”
we are a people who, more like Nietzsche, behave as if God were dead.
We
are allowing science to become a sacred cow. Science certainly has
the holy calling of taking what God has given and actualizing its
potential, but science is not God. Science can explore what God has
opened, but it cannot open what God has shut.
The
Bible makes it clear that “It is appointed for men to die once,
and after that comes judgment” (Heb. 9:27) Our point is not
that man is to die only once and not twice, as Ettinger would
allow; but that man does indeed have an irreversible date with death,
science not withstanding. Death is according to God’s will. The
Stoics, as humanistic as they were, were better philosophers about
death than many in our secularistic age. Marcus Aurelius said, “Do
not despise death, but be well content with it, since this too
is one of those things which nature wills.” Epictetus wrote:
“If you seek to avoid death you will be unhappy.”
The
Christian hope of immortality is a glorious contrast to that of
Ettinger and it has much more meaning than that of the Stoics. Paul
could speak of his desire to depart and be with Christ (Philip.
1:23), and he mentions that “the sufferings of this present
time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to
us” (Rom. 8:18). He also speaks of “a house not made with
hands, eternal in the heavens” (2 Cor. 5:1).
To
the Christian death does not mean cessation of life, but a transition
to a fuller expression of life. It is thus the gateway to the most
abundant life.
He
who has the keys to death and hades said: “I am the
resurrection and the life; he who believes in me, though he die, yet
shall he live, and whoever lives and believes in me shall never die.”
(John 11:25-26)
THE
GREATEST MISSION FIELD
Elton
Trueblood’s book The Yoke of Christ is one that we would
almost make a man read. His chapter on “Conversion within the
Church” is especially provocative. It is here that he speaks of
the church as one of the great mission fields: “Our main
mission field today, so far as America is concerned, is within the
church membership itself.”
He
points to the fact that only 4 % of all Americans claim no church
affiliation. The world has thus overflowed the church, filling it
with unconverted souls. Many who claim membership rarely attend, and
many others who do are by no means dedicated to the Cause of Christ.
Membership in a church is therefore almost meaningless, for it is
fashionable to belong to some church. It is mildly anti-American not
to belong. Trueblood calls for conversions within the church
rather than to the church. Our task is to reach the present
membership of churches with a message of such vitality that they
experience a real conversion to Christ. Even though membership is
virtually meaningless, it has one enormous advantage: it renders one
vulnerable to a deeper appeal. They are there to be reached, many of
them are.
He
observes that most American churches do very little growing from
without, that most conversions are either the children that grow up
in the church or people who come from other churches. Adult
conversions from the world without are few. The main reason for this
is that the church itself is so much like the world that conversion
from the world no longer makes sense. The church itself must
experience conversion.
Trueblood
illustrates this point by a reference to a downtown church in
Glasgow, Scotland that thought its days of vitality were over. But
then it caught fire; the people, not the building. It now not only
has a full house for worship, but the members themselves are
ministering to the downtown community. They team up and visit coffee
bars, conduct street meetings, and draw derelicts back to the houses
of worship. They have ex-convicts singing in the choir. Friday nights
are given over to those whose lives are broken.
He
observes that the Billy Graham Crusades have been criticized for
getting too many “decisions” from those already in the
church. In New York they poured out of the large choir in order to
make their commitment, which drew criticism from the press. Trueblood
says this is a misunderstanding of conversion. One may be singing in
a choir and yet be in need of rebirth. Those that Jesus reached by
his ministry were not “Skid Row” characters, but people
who were already religious. ‘You must be born again” was
uttered by Jesus to one who already had church affiliation. The
apostles went forth preaching the message of repentance, their labors
centering in the synagogues of the Jews.
Are
our own churches indeed a mission field? Is not the world too much
with us also? We need not wait for outsiders to come into the
assembly before we plead for reform. Among our own people we can see
the difference between mild religion and a vital Christianity. Surely
Christian faith has little meaning until it can say, as did Jesus, ‘I
am come, not to be ministered to, but to minister.” So few of
our people are concerned for the woes of others. We are deceived in
supposing that success is measured by brick and mortar, budgets and
programs, meetings and committees. In our day of affluence it is much
easier to erect lavish buildings than it is to cultivate dedicated
hearts.
We
do well to remember that among the strongest words in the Bible on
repentance were spoken to a congregation of Christians, and it was at
the door of that church that Jesus stood, requesting entrance.
“I know your works: you
are neither cold nor hot. Would that you were cold or hot! So,
because you are lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spew you
out of my mouth. For you say, I am rich, I have prospered, and I need
nothing; not knowing that you are wretched, pitiable, poor, blind,
and naked. Therefore I counsel you to buy from me gold refined by
fire, that you may be rich, and white garments to clothe you and to
keep the shame of your nakedness from being seen, and salve to anoint
your eyes, that you may see. Those whom I love, I reprove and
chasten; so be zealous and repent. Behold, I stand at the door and
knock; if anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in to
him and eat with him, and he with me.” (Rev. 3:15-20)