No. 29, March 1998
HOW ABOUT CAPITAL PUNISHMENT?
The world took little notice when
the State of Texas executed some 36 men the last few years. But when Karla Faye
Tucker was put to death by lethal injection on Feb. 3 it attracted global
attention. This was mainly because the condemned was a woman, but also because
of her impressive testimonials, widely televised, of being a changed person
since her heinous crimes 15 years earlier.
There was a groundswell of protest
to her execution, including such influential voices as Amnesty International
and the Vatican. The reasons for this protest, while not over the previous
executions in Texas, is not clear. Perhaps because it was a woman, or because
she had become a Christian (Is "born again" a necessary
appellation?), or because the execution had been delayed for 15 years, or
because it had become a celebrated case. Or all the above. In any event it was
all to no avail.
But it was not as blatant as it may
have appeared in the media. The governor awaited a recommendation from the
Board of Pardons, which was necessary for a commutation of the death sentence,
which he probably would have acted upon had it ever come. It didn’t. Then the
execution was put on hold until the governor heard from the Supreme Court on
last-minute appeals. The governor at last went on TV and announced that the
Supreme Court had rejected all appeals. In signing the order for execution he
invoked God’s blessings upon the condemned, her victims and their families.
There was something curious about
all this. Was the wave of protest over capital punishment in general or over
the execution of this particular person? Emotions ran high; some applauded,
others openly wept. But do they applaud or weep at every execution or this
particular one?
The vast majority of those executed
all across the nation are not only male but poor, even illiterate, and a
disproportionate number are black. If Karla Faye Tucker had been Carl Tucker
and black, we would hardly have heard about the execution, however "born
again" he may have been. And how many weep when the poor, black Carl
Tuckers are hanged or burned or shot or injected?
If it is a condemned person’s
conversion while awaiting death that draws our concern, do we really know how
many on death row might have such an experience, quietly? And even if they remain
impenitent to the end should we not mourn as much, yea even more, for them?
"Weep not for me," our Lord could say as he faced execution, for he
was in good hands, "but weep for yourselves." Should not our tears be
for those who die bereft of hope?
I hasten to add that I was grieved
over what happened to Karla Faye, even while I rejoiced over her radiant faith.
But I also grieve over all those who are executed, especially the disadvantaged
who are often poorly defended in a court of law.
We must all realize, as the poet
John Donne has insisted, that any person’s death diminishes us – especially
when we take his or her life! When anyone of us ends up in a death
chamber, there is a part of all of us there with that person. The ancient
rabbis had a rule that if one insisted on the death penalty for an offender he
must be willing to serve as the executioner. How many of us are willing to
strap the condemned to the gurney and insert the needle?
You have likely concluded by now
that I am opposed to the death penalty. Yes, and mine is a simple rule: We
should not deviate from the eternal, moral law of God, "Thou shalt not
kill, " except when it is absolutely necessary.
The Sixth Commandment is an eternal,
moral principle of the sanctity of life. Life is to be reverenced, even the
life of one who has taken the life of another. If one has life, there is
something of God in him, and we are not to destroy it, except when absolutely
necessary for the preservation of society. A soldier may have to kill, a policeman
may have to. One may have to do so to protect himself or his family. But such
killing should be exceedingly rare, and always with reluctance and godly fear.
The death penalty is not necessary.
There are only two possible reasons for it: deterrence and revenge. There is no
solid evidence that it deters crime. Even if it did, it is still not necessary.
And revenge is unworthy of a decent, civilized society, especially one that
claims to be founded on Christian principles.
I am aware that one can quote the
Bible for capital punishment. There are some twenty offenses where it is called
for, including witchcraft, adultery, idolatry, profaning the Sabbath,
kidnaping, incest, murder. A stranger who intruded upon a Jewish holy place, a
farmer who kept a dangerous ox, or a child who cursed his parents might be
executed. Whatever value such laws may have for us today, we are to remember
that we are not disciples of Moses but disciples of Christ.
All these situational laws have to yield
to the "spirit of holy Scripture" as a whole and especially to the
Spirit of Christ. "Thou shalt not kill" is in the Bible, but that is
not what makes killing wrong. It is in the Bible because it is wrong! Cain
realized he had disobeyed God in killing his brother long before the Ten
Commandments were codified.
The death penalty brutalizes life,
victimizing all of us. It fails to realize that all of us are to some degree
guilty of the sins of society’s children. It sometimes proves to be outright
murder of the innocent wrongly charged. It reflects society’s insensitivity to
the sacredness of life.
Remember the old rule: if you are
for the death penalty you should be willing to serve as the executioner.
Even more important is that in a
Christian society all punishment should be remedial. Whether we punish a child
or a hardened criminal the end in view should be reformation, a changed life.
We should seek to cure the criminal, and we don’t cure him by killing him.
Until he is cured he must remain in prison, for life if need be.
This, by the way, is the best
argument for the commutation of Karla Faye’s death sentence and her eventual
pardon. After 15 years she was cured. In killing her anyway we were saying that
our motive was vengeance. She killed, so we kill her.
The chief end of a society (under
God) is to be a “City of God,” to reflect God’s likeness. God is merciful,
eager to forgive. Jesus urges us to “Be merciful even as your Father in heaven
is merciful” (Lk. 6:36). True, God is also a God of judgment, but he tempers
his judgment with mercy. Jas. 2:13 lays down a sobering truth: “Judgment is
without mercy to the one who has shown no mercy. Mercy triumphs over judgment.”
Do we really want mercy to triumph
over judgment? – Leroy
MORAL CRISIS IN WASHINGTON: WHAT TO DO?
Seek
the welfare of the city where I have sent you into exile, and pray to the Lord
on its behalf, for in its welfare you will find your welfare. – Jer. 29:7
This remarkable and surprising
statement is part of a letter that the prophet Jeremiah sent from Jerusalem to
the Israelite community in Babylonian captivity. It is remarkable because he
tells the captives to be realistic and respond to their predicament positively.
They were to build houses, plant gardens, raise families, plan for the future.
His letter was a “Thus saith the Lord” that told God’s people how to live
amidst crisis.
It is surprising in that it is in
sharp contrast to earlier Israelite responses to their captivity in Babylon.
Ps. 137 is a captivity lament. It begins with “By the rivers of Babylon we sat
down and wept.” They hung their harps on the willows and would not sing the
songs of Zion in a strange land. And they cursed their captors, invoking a
blessing upon those who dash the Babylonian babes against the rocks.
But Jeremiah tells them they can sing
Zion’s hymns in exile, they can settle in and be prosperous and happy. Rather
than curse their captors they are to pray for them and work for their good, for
Babylon’s welfare will be their welfare.
This is a high level of spirituality
in the Old Testament, and it anticipates the teaching of the Messiah that we
are to pray for our enemies and do good to those who persecute us. The prophet
is correcting a grave misunderstanding: God is not confined to Jerusalem and
the temple, but is anywhere and everywhere. He can be served in a pagan land
like Babylon as well as in Israel. He is also telling them they can behave as a
redeemed community in an evil environment.
This is a message for us as our
nation faces a moral crisis in Washington. We can curse the media, damn the
President, shoot the messenger, give up on the government, and give in to
cynicism by believing the worst.
Or we can listen to what God said
through Jeremiah to his people in direr straits than ourselves. After all, the
exiles in Babylon had to think in terms of 70 years! The word from the Lord was
that they were to make the best of a bad situation. Instead of cursing the darkness
they were to light a candle. They were to pray for Babylon and work for its
good.
Pray! Be a blessing! That is our
calling in a time of crisis. What difference would it make if millions of
believers were praying for those who are caught up in the tragedy in
Washington? Jeremiah believed that prayer would make a difference for God’s
people in captivity. Perhaps it was those prayers that caused a Cyrus to arise
who would summons Israel to return home.
We can pray for our leaders even
when – especially when! – they do things of which we disapprove. And we can
pray that truth will triumph, and that God will use the sins of our leaders to
bring us to our moral senses.
We are far more effective when we
have a positive outlook – bearing all things, believing all things, hoping all
things. And we are not to forget that, like Israel in Babylon, we are pilgrims
in a foreign land. This world is not our home. But while we are here we are to
be a blessing, so that when we leave this world we’ll leave it better than we
found it. – Leroy
On Christian principles all
punishment should be remedial; and capital punishment is the ultimate and the
blunt denial of this principal. - William Barclay
THE QUESTION THAT HAS NO ANSWER
Why do the righteous suffer, often
grossly? Why do bad things, sometimes very bad things, happen to good people?
It is asked in different ways, and the question is as old as Job.
The point of what I have to say here
is that however the question is asked, or however often, it is a question
without an answer. In a way that is an answer: there is no answer. We better
arm ourselves for life in this difficult world when we realize that some things
are so baffling and mysterious that they defy explanation.
Is that not the Bible’s answer? Paul
may never have understood why he had to suffer a thorn in the flesh. He
repeatedly prayed that it would be taken away. The answer? “My grace is
sufficient for you,” which was less than an answer, however comforting it may
have been.
So with the book of Job. It doesn’t
answer the question it raises. God responds to Job’s litany of sufferings with
a lot of hard questions designed to put Job in his place. But he doesn’t answer
Job’s question as to why he, a good man, had to suffer so grievously.
When we ask why we ask the
wrong question, for it has no answer. We should rather ask when - When
bad things happen, what are we to do? - for it has an answer. That is the
answer that God gave to Paul: when things go wrong draw upon God’s grace for
strength.
That is what Job eventually came to
see, that he was asking the wrong question. He learned that he could accept
with simple trusting faith what he could not understand.
The essence of religion is trust in
God, not understanding. Answers to our weightiest questions may not be
important. What matters is not how we explain life but how we live it, not how
well we comprehend but how well we trust.
We do not have to understand why God
runs the universe the way he does. That God is with us is what matters. Philip.
4:7 refers to a peace that surpasses understanding. Peace apart from
comprehension, What a blessed truth!
That peace is ours only in a life of
trust. As Pro. 3:2 puts it: “Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and lean
not upon your own understanding.” We do not have to understand, and thank God
for that! But we must have wholehearted trust that God is in control and that
whatever happens he will be with us and he will see us through. -
Leroy
Between Us . . .
Many years ago Jim Bevis conned me
into doing a “Raccoon John Smith” for his summer seminars for Campus
Evangelism. I did one in Gatlinburg, Tn. before a thousand college students.
They went for it. It was a way to teach them some Restoration history. Jim also
had me walk in off the street and “disturb” the Lord’s day assembly when he was
minister to the Brookvalley Church of Christ in Atlanta. Wearing a raccoon cap
and long tails, and carrying a cane, I walked into the assembly while Jim was
in the pulpit and told the startled congregation that I was a backwoods
preacher from the boondocks of southern Kentucky who helped to start all this,
and that I had some things to say. We got their attention!
After all these years I recently did
“Raccoon” again at a dinner honoring the senior singles of our congregation
here in Denton, still with cane and raccoon cap. By now I’m getting old enough
to play the part of the old hero who died at 84. But this time I had to compete
with an act that was hard to follow, a singing dog! When his masters sang, he
would raise his head and howl. He even “sang” when the dinner guests sang! It
was hilarious. Not that old Raccoon didn’t also have some mirthful moments.
Afterwards there was this dear senior single who said, “Leroy, that was just
great. It was a tossup between you and that dog!”
The Hebron Parkway Church of Christ
in Lewisville (near Dallas) recently became simply Hebron Parkway Church. Not
only did they drop their old name but started using musical instruments. At the
invitation of their minister, who has been with Churches of Christ all his
young life, I recently visited on a Lord’s day when Ouida was ill. It is the
youngest church I know of, virtually all the adults being in theirs 20s and
30s, and lots of kids. Most were of Restoration back-ground, either Christian
Church or Church of Christ. The service was animated but not charismatic, and
the preaching was both enthusiastic and biblical. It was “us” (Lord’s supper,
baptism, doctrine) except for the instruments. They told me they changed the
sign out front so as not to mislead Church of Christ folk, who would often get
up and leave when they saw the instruments. While I accept them no less as
brethren, I wish they could have stayed with their heritage, which would mean
to keep their name and remain acappella. We need congregations that serve as
exemplars of meaningful change, leading the way for other Churches of Christ,
but to do this they have to stay close to their roots. We effect change by
staying with our people – like the prophets did and like Jesus did. You might
get stoned or crucified, but you might still change things. Like old Raccoon
John Smith, referred to above, when the Baptists tried to run him off, he
insisted, “No, I’m stayin’. I love you too much to leave you.” In the end he
“capsized” nearly all of them!
It was sad news that came on the
internet of the sudden death (heart attack) of Norvel Young, chancellor
emeritus of Pepperdine, Feb. 17. He and I had some meaningful contacts through
the years, which deepened, I believe, when I wrote him a letter of
encouragement following his tragic accident that resulted in the death of two
elderly women for which he was held responsible. Ouida and I were impressed
that Norvel and his wife Helen went out of their way to be present when
Pepperdine awarded me one of their Distinguished Christian Service Awards. The
last time I saw Norvel, at a Pepperdine Lectureship, he told me that I should
be pleased to see my dreams for Churches of Christ being fulfilled. I was
planning to attend his gala party at Pepperdine on Jan. 1, 2000 heralding the
new millennium. I wrote Helen that we should still have the party, for Norvel
as well as the new century.
Tom Langford, retired dean at Texas
Tech, sent me an interesting 30-year old photo that I had not seen before. It
was a picture of a group standing on the front steps of the old 14th and
Decatur Church of Christ in Washington D.C. On the front row I am pictured
standing next to clean-cut Kenneth Starr, who must have then been in his mid
20s and wholly incapable of even imagining the fate that has befallen him. Tom
says Ken is getting a bum rap in Washington as special prosecutor in being made
the bad guy, a view shared by many. One of my neighbors describes him as “the
consummate pro” and hardly a “right wing conspirator.” Ken’s dad was a Church
of Christ preacher. I suspect Ken, a mild-mannered man, would rather be at
Pepperdine than in a Washington fish-bowl. He is a man with a job to do. But
what happens if he does it?
Ouida and I plan to be at Hartford
Church of Christ in Hartford, Illinois, near St. Louis, for their 75th
anniversary on May 16-17 weekend. There will also be a special service on May
15 at the Fenton Church of Christ in nearby Fenton, Mo. We would delight in
your presence. For info: Berdell McCann, 618-254-6454.
Norvel Young’s death makes his
recent book, Living Lights, Shining Stars, all the more relevant. The
book, which draws upon his long, interesting life in Churches of Christ, is a
testimonial to his being one of those living lights and shining stars. He
reveals his 10 secrets for such a life. $17 postpaid.
Another book drawn from an agonizing
and yet victorious experience in Churches of Christ and afterwards among the
Disciples of Christ is Roy Key’s Fire And Sword. I read this book to
Ouida, chapter by chapter, with gripping interest. It forced us to ask, What
have we done to our people? Do we shoot our own wounded? A self-published book
sold at cost. $10 postpaid.
We are down to only four bound
volumes of Restoration Review, covering the years 1985-92. These are
hardbound, matching volumes with dust jackets, prefaces, and tables of content.
All four for $55 postpaid.
We are pleased that my revised
edition of The Stone-Campbell Movement is being used in several
colleges. You can have your own copy at $25 postpaid.
Gene Shelburne knows how to write to
hurting people without being sentimental. In his two books, The God Who Puts
Us Back Together and Expect the Light, he tells us how to live in a
troubled world. Ideal for gifts. $13 each or both for $25, postpaid.
For information on our heritage as
well as on principles of unity and fellowship, I recommend Our Heritage in
Unity and Fellowship, which is a selection of writings of Carl Ketcherside
and Leroy Garrett, with an introduction by Cecil Hook, the editor. Even if I am
one of the writers, I see it as being right on target in identifying who we are
as a people or are supposed to be. At $9 postpaid it is our best bargain. Why
not buy copies and pass them along? It will help solve our identity problem.
Thank you for “Mary.” I’ve been
meditating on her for a story I’m doing. Your in-depth, multi-faceted “visit”
into her very being inspires me. Praise! - Kathy Wyler, Kerrville, Tx.
How I wish I had spent more of my
life doing more in-depth study of our Movement. The more one researches and
reads the more apparent is the vast area of things not yet known or discovered.
-Rolland Steever, South Bend, In.
You know, Leroy, the older I get the
closer I feel to Jesus. I don’t punch a clock anymore and I’m no longer in a
hurry. God has given Charlene and me good health, receptive hearts, and a
stronger desire to serve him. If it were not for Oles and Bernice Pinson we
would still be very narrow Christians. Again we thank you and Carl Ketcherside
for giving us a more workable approach to both Scripture and life. -
Bob
Howard, Pendleton, Or.
We have new readers of this newsletter who have never seen copies of Restoration Review, which we published for 40 years. If such ones are interested in what we said during those years, we will send you a sampling at a nominal charge. We will send you 25 issues, selected at random, for only $5, postpaid. Once you sample these, you can decide if you would like more.